It looks like it might be a water container for the Navy?
Although it looks like aluminum, in 1858, aluminum was as scarce as hen's teeth. About the only place it existed was in a scientific laboratory. Is it made from something like tin or zinc?
The 200 pounds marking could refer to the weight of the water it contains. 25 gallons of water weighs 200 pounds.
If it is about 15" X 15" X 28" it would hold a little less than 6300 cubic inches. There are 231 cubic inches in a gallon so 6300/231 = 27.3 gallons.
Depending on the wall thickness, that could become about 25 gallons, internal capacity.
If the container is smaller than that, the 200 lbs might refer to the total weight of the contents plus the weight of the container.
(edit) By the way, black powder weighs about the same as water so, it could be a container for black powder. That might explain why it doesn't appear to be made of iron. Although iron won't produce many sparks when something hard hits it, the slivers of it that can be sheared off can be hot enough to ignite black powder.