Ha!- I'm used to seeing big loads, being in an area where most people moose instead of deer. I'm loner there, I guess as I prefer deer to moose as table fare.
: The standard SERVICE load for the US .69 cal Military Muskets, up to around 1820 or so, was 165gr. It was assumed that 15 gr. (seems large to me) of that charge was meant for priming, the rest for the ball. The military was trying for a velocity of 1,700fps. After a time, the service charge was reduced to 130gr. as powder quality improved. In order to get 1,700fps in MY .69 rifle, with it's 484gr. ball, I had to go to 230gr. GOEX 2F. That load kicked too much in the 9 lb. gun, so I settled for 1,500fps with 165gr. Afterall, the down range velocity wasn't much less. The chronographs of the time said they were getting over 1,700fps, however I rather think their powder, while better than ours, wasn't that much better.
: It wasn't until minnie bullets replaced Round Balls, that the service charge was reduced to below 100gr. powder, and that was a mere 70gr. for the 730 gr. minie bullet. The short .69 cal. newly rifled musketoons used by the cannoneers, a mere 5 or 6 pounds of weight, must have kicked quite a bit with that big bullet.
: I know of no one with a .54 cal rifle, who doesn't use over 100gr.2F for 100 yard shooting, but then all of the .54's I'm aware of, are made by my bro and have good barrels on them. I would not use these loads in a store-bought gun unless they were within manuacturer's specifications.