I see the consensus for the ideal round ball target shooting rifle caliber is to determine the best fitting rifle for the discipline of target shooting you intend to pursue. The caliber will be whatever the caliber is for that rifle. Caliber is less important than matching the ball size to the barrel and twist along with a good patch and patch lubricant. After that it is having a consistent ball so that all the balls shot at target weigh the same. Then its a good volumetric powder measure that throws the same weight charge. Yes, you can weigh the powder on a scale and use that for target shooting. Of course, you need a good range rod to seat the ball on the powder charge with consistent pressure. The rod tip should match the curvature of the ball to prevent deforming the ball as the ball is loaded. Finally, its practice, practice, practice so the fit and all the components integrate to produce the ideal performance. Get Dutch Schoultz's Black Powder Accuracy System and heed the advice he has in his system.Is there a consensus concerning the ideal caliber for round ball target shooting, say primarily out to 50 yds? This would assume excellent barrels, etc.