Well, the flashpoint of the substitutes is almost twice that of black powder, and they do generate somewhat more pressure( psi) than does Black Powder. Most of the modern barrels are made from the same steel used in modern cartridge breechloaders, from what I have been told. I see a lot of stainless steel being used, on the gunracks in the stores, too. All I have read and heard about pressures indicates that the substitutes don't generate pressure close to what the barrels can take. I don't think material safety is much of an issue with these new zip guns. :surrender: :thumbsup: