I haven't used hay bales for penetration testing, simply because the results will vary so much depending on how wet the hay is inside the bale.
I have done testing using 1 inch pine boards, spaced 1 inch apart, and a .50 cal. RB in front of 60 grains of FFg powder passed through 6 boards( and 6 more inches of air spaces) to impact on the 7th board. Based on that, I would expect a PRB to pass through at least 16 inches of hay in a bale, and possibly go further, if the hay is dried out.
Oh, I also tested 100 grains of FFg powder in the same gun, and the PRB penetrated the same 6 boards and impacted the 7th, the same results I got using the lighter, 60 grain, target load. So, I don't expect that increasing your powder charge will increase penetration in hay, no matter how much a ball penetrates the hay bale(s) with your current load.