I am now a believer, smoothbores are so diferent from one to another,I had a bess that would only shoot lubed paper cartridges, no lube? No hit.My 20 caywood works best with a wad over 80 gr.2f powder, 600 t shirt patch, my 24 nw tradegun like only 3f with just the t shirt patch. Ive been shooting smoothbores since 1978 with too many combinations to remember , but these work for me. Someday I'll get around to the matchlock in the back of my closet to see what it likes. Ah, what a beautiful malady.