Many Loyalists went to Canada, and then led brutal reprisal raids back down into New York, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Pennsylvania until the mid 1780s. “Bloody Mohawk” and “White Savage” are among a dozen good, well researched books about the Mohawk Valley and the Revolution, and what happened afterwards. Sir William Johnson’s heirs, especially, led heinous raids deep into Pennsylvania, which resulted in parts of the frontier being abandoned by European settlers for several years. Not until a 1794 US retaliatory expedition into the Finger Lakes region did the depredations finally stop. Incidentally, the Continental soldiers reported that the Seneca Indian settlements across upstate New York were far more organized and better planted with crops and fruit tree orchards than anything among the European settlers. The Seneca had to withdraw in the face of superior force, and ended up accepting President Washington’s wampum belt as the defining feature of a peace agreement that is honored annually even today. The Seneca were the most warlike of the Iroquois, and had pretty good sized reservations in PA & NY until the US Army Corps decided to take the one and turn it into a huge recreational area, and then the Federal Highway Administration put Rt 17/86 through another one. Anyhow, I digress.
The Loyalists who tried to hold out after 1780 were either hung, shot, or burned out. They lost everything they couldn’t carry. Some returned to Britain, some went to Canada, some to Jamaica. The Revolutionary War was actually a civil war among American citizens with diametrically opposed ideas of citizenship, freedom and duty, the role and reach of government, etc. In 1794 another civil war between the states was narrowly averted over the slavery issue, which festered until 1859 (stark political divisions) and 1861, open civil conflict between Americans divided along slavery and abolition.
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The Loyalists who tried to hold out after 1780 were either hung, shot, or burned out. They lost everything they couldn’t carry. Some returned to Britain, some went to Canada, some to Jamaica. The Revolutionary War was actually a civil war among American citizens with diametrically opposed ideas of citizenship, freedom and duty, the role and reach of government, etc. In 1794 another civil war between the states was narrowly averted over the slavery issue, which festered until 1859 (stark political divisions) and 1861, open civil conflict between Americans divided along slavery and abolition.
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