use printer paper cut about two inchs long, wrap it around a7/16" dowl stock. It should be short, by 1/8" inch of two full wraps, this important.gule the seam, Fold one end like coin tube, paper type. fill with shot, fold other end shut, do not glue.Use over powder card,feltwad for cushion,over shot wad. If ya did it right you will find the paper tube split down the one thickness seam and opened flat. If the paper is to thick you will a bore size hole in your target.I have broken clay birds out to 15-20 yards with these load the rifleing doesnt spin this as bad as lose shot. Only real problem is the sights gat in the way.