I have heard of cutting down a pine, chopping out the branches on the ground side to make a shelter. What else would make a good overnight shelter using what is at hand?
Well, it sounds to me like that particular suggestion means a person would at least have a full size axe with them, and if it was me, I'd think it would needlessly burn up a lot of energy and not necessarily result in all that much usable shelter type boughs.
I would think breaking off / cutting off a pretty fair amount of smaller limbs from pines, cedars, fir trees in general, both for a ground mat and a cover (roof) shelter would be easier and faster.
I like reading so called survival articles anytime I run across them in magazines and one idea I'll never forget was a "debris shelter"...if you didn't have a lot of small pines/cedars around that you could get limbs from, this "debris shelter" is built just by creating a simple lean-to roof grid structure of dead limbs from the ground then heaping layers and layers of everything you can find on top to close it in as best you can...leaves, limbs, dirt clumbs, rocks, grass, weeds, snow, etc, etc...I guess a lot of what someone could use would depend on the area of the country, the time of year, and the elevation they found themselves lost in.
On this note, if I've learned anything from all the years of reading and thinking about this, going into any area where serious weather could be a factor if lost, a person MUST carry the basics in a backpack...mucho firestaring, plastic sheets, space blankets...all are very lightweight and could make all the difference in the world to stay warm & dry...hypothermia is the single biggest cause of death in these instances...almost never hear of somebody dying from thirst or starvation...hypothermia is the killer.
I sometimes chuckle at myself for all the gear I carry on a day trip deer hunting here in NC, particularly when I'm always within a mile of the truck...but...an hour after dark, alone in any woods with freezing temps, it's real comforting to know I got the basics with me.
(plus a cellphone :