Cleaning your muzzle-loader is a lot like skinning a cat... There's more than one way to do it!
Ned Roberts had a nice chapter on cleaning in his book,
The Muzzle-Loading Cap Lock Rifle. He was taught to use boiling water as the traditional way of cleaning, but a little later in the chapter he described the use of commercial solvents as an alternative. My dad taught me the boiling water method, which I always used in the past, but over the past few years I have modified it somewhat, and combined it with the use of black powder solvent. Once the gun is cleaned, I think the use of a proper surface protectant is critical. I prefer LSA, which is (
Oh my God!) petroleum based, and I am happy with it. LSA does not evaporate, which is an important consideration. If the surface coating of oil or whatever evaporates, the bare metal is exposed to the air, which allows oxidation in the form of rust. LSA used to be widely available at gun shows and surplus stores, in the ubiquitous little green squeeze bottles, but it has gotten harder to find. I bought three quarts of it from Sarco a few years ago, and this will probably last my lifetime.
I still clean with hot water. I fill the reservoir in Mr. Coffee with water and just don't put any coffee grounds in the basket. Mr. Coffee then provides me with a quantity of clean, hot water in a pot that has a handle and pouring spout. This works well for me.
Blackpowder gun barrels have been likened to cast iron cookware, in that they work best when properly seasoned with some sort of oil or grease. There are some folks who believe the seasoning can be "washed out" with hot and/or soapy water, and they advise using only cool or tepid water for this reason. I think there may be something to this, and I use detergent sparingly, if at all. However, I do like really hot water, because it dries quickly.
There are various blackpowder solvents on the market, and innumerable recipes for home-brewed elixers. The use of urine was discussed in some of the posts above. For my contribution, I can do no better than to quote Frank Mayer, an old-time buffalo hunter and author of
The Buffalo Harvest. While Mr. Mayer was shooting primarily Sharps breech loaders, his propellant was still black powder, and his comments on gun cleaningare relevant to this discussion:
"
We had some wild and wooly ideas about how to clean our rifle barrels, I remember. We first drenched them with cold water, succeeded by a dosage of urine, which was well shaken up and allowed to circumnavigate the bore. I suppose the slight ammonical content of this homely but efficient solvent did the trick. We followed this with a thorough drenching with hot water, and wiped the bore dry and finished it off with a rag saturated with graphited tallow. If not cleaned before firing, the rifle shot a few inches higher for the first shot. We generally wiped out clean before firing: cartridges were too expensive to take any chances." (pp.41-42)
Why urine? I will submit a few reasons:
1.
It contains ammonia, which, as Mr. Mayer suggested, is a very good solvent and bore cleaner. I believe ammonia is still a component of some modern bore cleaners, such as Shooter's Choice. On the down side, ammonia alone can be corrosive if left on ferrous metal for very long, and I have heard it can "creep" into threaded parts. As was suggested, urine also contains corrosive salts, and mine sometimes has traces of beer. However, Mr. Mayer pointed out that the urine was rinsed with a "thorough drenching" of hot water, which took care of the corrosive elements.
2.
It is warm. See TNGhost's post (#25) regarding the advantages of warm water, as compared to cold water, as a solvent.
3.
I comes in (or out of) a very convenient dispenser... at least for us gentlemen.
For pete's sake will someone please try the urine cleaning method and post a report? Nothing but talk, talk, talk so far.
After reading
The Buffalo Harvest, I had to try the "homely but efficient solvent" Mr. Mayer recommended. This was after a trip to the range with my 20 gauge flintlock "Carolina Smoothbore," built by Jackie Brown. This gun has a 42" barrel. I am short, by today's standards, which puts my solvent dispenser relatively closer to the ground. I solved this particular problem with a stepladder and a funnel. I am not recommending that you try this... I'm simply relating what I did, and I will not be responsible for injuries sustained by anyone trying this at home. If you come off that ladder and break a hip or arm or whack your head, you'll end up in an Emergency Department trying to explain what happened to a twenty-five year old female second-year medical student who speaks English as a second language. You'll soon become an urban legend in your hospital. Anyway...
I removed the gun's lock and plugged the touchhole with a toothpick, inserted the funnel in the muzzle, and climbed the ladder high enough that I could hold the barrel vertically while aiming my solvent dispenser into the funnel. A trickle works better than a gush, which is a good thing for us old guys. I put in a goodly amount of solvent, climbed back down, and removed the funnel. This next part may make some of you uncomfortable, but I then put my thumb over the muzzle and tipped the gun back and forth a few times to slosh the solvent around. I then dumped it out onto the ground, and followed up with a bristle brush, hot water from Mr. Coffee, dry patches, and oiled patches.
This procedure worked pretty well, in that the gun came out clean and I sustained no injuries, but I can't say it really worked any better than more conventional methods.
Best regards,
Notchy Bob