Themodern(?) foster style slug has vanes cut or cast in to the sides of the conical. These do NOT rotate the conical in flight. Instead, they allow a variation in bare dimension and the vanes collapse as they are forced through the Throat, just in front of the chamber, and through any choke at the muzzle. Velocity, and substantial base wads keep the skirts from breaking the instant the conical leaves the muzzle provide the accuracy, such as it is.
I have a marrel that I reamed the throat out to make alonger tapered throat, and then had ports cut into the barrel to divert gases and reduce muzzle rise. The gun with iron sights is capable of one hole groups at 50 yds. I shot three shots one day off-hand, and all the holes were touching in the center of the target. A friend fired the other two rounds in the box, and his two shots struck just a little higher and to the sides of the original group. The whole 5 shot group, shot by two shooters, off-hand, was less then 3 inches. My three shot group was only slightly over 1 inch.
My friend had never shot a ported shotgun, nor one with an elongated throat. He noticed the substantial reduction in recoil, and the lack of muzzle rise. He didn't know it could be done, much less how to do it. And, while he had fired slugs from shotguns during his police days, he had never seen a gun shoot such a small group- in his hands or anyone else- in his life. He mumbled about that for weeks. Oh, after I fired my first shot, he said I must have missed the target. We walked down and took a look, and i had taken the center X out of the target. I then went back and fired the next to slugs, which touched the first. Then he fired his two, after we scored mine, and opened the group. It looked like a Teddy bear face, with two eyes, and a large nose, made from bullet holes. He put his palm over the group, and it covered it easily. I later measured it.
I only shared that story because I really believe that my tapered throat gently centers the slub in the barrel, rather than distorting the bottom side, and that makes the slugs group smaller. If you take apart a commercial slug round, you will find a lot of card and cushion wads behind the slug. That is the only thing that can possibly explain why the foster slug shoots accurately out of many different shotgun barrels. There are some core ideas to learn from all that factory research over a hundred years, that came from, and still applies to shooting conicals out of BP smoothbores.