Mike Brooks said:Because of innacuraccy issues or the fact that the shooter develops an incredibble flinch shooting these large bored rifles?Shot palcement is another problem with heavy calibers. Most elephant shooting was and ofen is done under 20 yards.
Generally its because in many places you cannot see an elephant any farther than that. This did not change with the advent of modern firearms. Its one of the reasons hunting elephant and other dangerous game is dangerous. However, by using a ladder to see over the tall grass in some areas it is said one can kill elephants at much greater range this is far less dangerous/sporting from all accounts. If you are on foot in "elephant grass" visibility is measured in feet or inches. If in open areas with short grass long shots can be done.
I would suggest you do some reading on the subject if you are interested.
There are various books on African hunting. If you want something period try Bakers "With Rifle and Hound in Ceylon". Its been reprinted several times and should be available though some WWW book seller used.
John Taylor's "Pondoro" and "African Rifles and Cartridges" are interesting though the latter is geared more the the equipment. Capstick's "Death in the Long Grass" and its sequels are pretty good but I am not sure he did everything he claims. He does tell a great story regardless.
There are others as well.
Dan