The usually shallower stright grooves have the effect of keeping the wads from turning, thus giving a consistent release to the round ball at the muzzle. This contributes to accuracy. By keeping the wads behind a shot load from turning, the shot goes straight out the barrel and does not spiral, as it would with twisting rifling, and sometimes does when the wadding is not square to the bore of a smoothbore. Locking the wad has been used over the centuries in some smoothbores. There is a small improvement in the patterns as long as the grooves are not too deep, or too sharp on the edges. There is a delicate balance between locking the wads, and letting gas blow by and cut the wads and the lead shot, or round ball.
Pirazzi, the famous Italian firm that made very expensive Olympic Style O/U shotguns with straight grooves to lock the wads. They got a few more percentage of shot in that magical 30 inch circle. I believe the company used polygonal rifling in the guns to avoid cutting the wads, or allowing gas blow-by. This would have been about 40 years ago.