I use J&B Paste (usually used for lead removal - it's a VERY fine abrasive) and a double or triple cotton patch thickness over a bore-sized cleaning jag to lap my new barrels. FLITZ or automotive cylinder-lapping paste would work, too. If the patches tear - a sign of machining burrs and/or sharp lands - I keep at it until they don't. I think 25 or 30 'swipes' usually does it for me. Just enough so that the patches don't tear when fired (I clean the barrel very well before test firing to remove all abrasives). Using a jag on the ramrod you can feel where the snags are and concentrate on just the rough spots. Fire-lapping is kind of a brutal, short-cut way to go about it.
I have a pitted, nasty old Finnish M39 (a Remington made WWI Mosin-Nagant rebarreled during WW2 by Sako) that is an absolute door-stop of a barn clunker. I lapped the barrel as above and it shoots 3" groups at 100 yds, even with the miserable service iron sights, creapy two-stage trigger and a bore that looks like the face of the moon.