My old Dixie Gun Works catalog says the .50 caliber Thompson Center Hawken barrel has a bore size of .500. The rifling groove diameter is .510 making the grooves .005 deep.
The bore on my TC .50 cal Hawken measures .501 at the muzzle and I consider it to be totally safe to shoot. The outside of the barrel measures .938 or, 15/16" across the flats of the octagon.
I'm mentioning this 15/16" because Lyman also uses a 15/16" octagon barrel and makes it in both .50 caliber and .54 caliber. IMO, if Lymans GPR can use a .54 caliber bore in a barrel that size, a few thousandths of an inch oversize in the TC barrel's bore means nothing. I'm sure the TC barrel is made from a steel that is every bit as strong as the Lyman barrels.