azmntman said:
I doubt the Hawkens bros named em either one. A marketing gimick I believe Like "Mountian Stalker". "CVA Cougar", etc.
History buffs?
Sam Hawken called his rifles "Rocky Mountain" rifles in an advertisement placed in the Denver
Rocky Mountain News in January 25, 1860. In an 1882 interview published in the
Missouri Democrat, he again called them "Rocky Mountain" rifles.
Advertisements that William S. Hawken and Tristam Campbell, first successors to the Hawken business, ran in the
Missouri Republican in 1855 and 1856 mentions "Mountain and California rifles made to order". We don't know what a Hawken "California" rifle looked like, though.
It appears the term Hawken "Mountain" rifle was used in the day.
Charles Hanson, Jr. points out in
The Hawken Rifle: Its Place In History that other rifles of the period were sometimes called "Rocky Mountain Rifles". The earliest use he found of the term was an 1837 invoice from P. Chouteau Jr. & Co to Sarpy & Fraeb. He believes, based on the invoice price, that these were J. J. Henry trade rifles intended for the mountain trade.
The use of the term "Mountain" rifle prior to 1860 makes sense to me. The Rocky Mountains were the objective or goal for the trappers and traders. The Great Plains were just something that had to be crossed to reach the objective. The plains were known at the time as the Great American Desert. People weren't planning on staying there. If they weren't headed for the mountains as such, they saw the mountains as intermediate objective on their way to California or Oregon. There was no need for the term "Plains" rifle.
On the other hand, the term "Plains" rifle does appear to be a 20th century invention coined by collectors. Hanson in his 1960 book
The Plains Rifle put it this way:
No endorsement of the term "Plains Rifle" is intended; the name was used because it is popular with collectors today and because it is a good all-inclusive type-name. In fur trade days, a first class trapper's rifle was a Hawken, and it was generally referred to as a "Mountain Rifle." The field of this book has been broadened to include all rifles which might have been made with the Plainsman in mind.