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Knives in Colonial America

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There were two basic kinds of folding knives, though there were many variations of at least the first, which is often called "the gentleman's folding knife." Some of the cheap ones won't hold an edge worth anything, though.
https://www.gggodwin.com/Gentlemens-Pocket-Knife--Bone-Handle-105B_p_664.html
The second kind was, believe it or not, the simple Barlow pocket knife often with wooden or bone scales, a very plain bolster and only one or two blades. These were imported into America in huge numbers in the 1750's onward.

View attachment 160199

http://www.revolutionarywarjournal.com/colonial-pocket-folding-knives-history-of-the-barlow-knife/
As to something that held the tomahawk around the waist, either a woven sash tied behind their back or a leather belt was used. Far less common, but also period correct, were tomahawk sheaths suspended from a shoulder strap.
View attachment 160200


Gus
Here's a picture of one of grandfather's Barlow knives. You can see the blade is worn. He had a small farm and once owned a sawmill but mostly used farm trucks to haul stuff to market. The stuff varied depending on time of year. Produce, salt fish, corn, firewood, oyster shells, etc.
 
Not quite colonial but my grandfather who was born in 1898 always had a small folder in his pocket. He was a farmer who also worked construction. Come hunting season that was his only knife while his children and grandchildren had a variety of long or short belt knives. At 12 i was given a 6 inch kabar with stacked leather handle( still have it).
 
Hoping to forge a billhook this fall. (Added later) I’ve got a few tines from a set of farm “drags” or “toothed harrow” that I’ll be using for heavy edged farm tools. Old agricultural steel from before 1950 is usually 1080 or so and nice to work.
 
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I’ve yet to see a single reference to our Colonial forebears using belt knives to clear brush in the regular course of events. Fascine knives, tobacco knives, bill hooks, hatchets, axes, and tomahawks, yes. But not belt knives.
Pocketknives have been the constant companion of most men since the days of the Roman Empire. (See attached photo of a 3rd century “Swiss Army” type knife as one -admittedly non-typical - example.) This one is 17th C- https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/187636
Good article on Barlow knives (yes, they’re colonial) here- Colonial Pocket & Folding Knives – History of the Barlow Knife
And I highly recommend Jim Mullins’ book “Of Sorts For Provincials,” and his blog, which has this great article on the cuttoe. Cuttoe Knives Revealed
Having carried both a pocketknife and a belt knife daily in both my
modern and colonial clothes for over 35 years, I find that both are indispensable.
Jay

It was the custom not to spend much time writing up detailed descriptions of mundane tasks like cutting brush ( yes, it can be done with a pocket knife ) or sharpening a flint, or tying knots in rope or boot laces.
And considering that only a very, very small fraction of anything that was ever written down has survived to this day, I have never been in the camp of those who say that if it was not written down, it did not happen.

Kinda like the people nowadays who seem to think that if some activity of theirs or someone else was not posted on facebook, it might as well not have happened.
 
It was the custom not to spend much time writing up detailed descriptions of mundane tasks like cutting brush ( yes, it can be done with a pocket knife ) or sharpening a flint, or tying knots in rope or boot laces.
And considering that only a very, very small fraction of anything that was ever written down has survived to this day, I have never been in the camp of those who say that if it was not written down, it did not happen.

Kinda like the people nowadays who seem to think that if some activity of theirs or someone else was not posted on facebook, it might as well not have happened.
I’ve never said that if something wasn’t written down, it didn’t happen. But I will absolutely say that if it’s not actually documented, you can’t prove that it happened- the best you can do is make an educated guess that it might have. And as I’m sure you’ve seen, there are a lot of people out there making guesses that aren’t particularly educated. The bigger issue is people thinking “well, I figured it out, so people back then must have done it, too.” There are plenty of things that we can surmise, once we have a thorough understanding of the technology and the documented (not just in writing, but through physical evidence- tool marks, wear patterns on surviving artifacts, etc) practices of the period. I have cleared acres of scrub and young woods with everything from stone axes, and Cold Steel pocketknives, and machetes and hatchets and felling axes to chain saws. I have started with a tree in the field, felled it, bucked and hewn it, dragged it out, and pitsawn it into scantling for construction. Sometimes I was attempting to test theories based on research, sometimes I was trying to duplicate documented feats or replicate artifacts. Sometimes, I was just dicking around in the woods. But just because there are modern people who engage in experimental archaeology, or who get their jollies pitting themselves and their $400 artisanal knives and old Boy Scout lashing skills against the harsh suburban wildernesses in which they make bushcraft videos is no reason to think that our ancestors- who generally HAD the right tools for the job, and nothing to prove to themselves or their online followers- would have done the same.
Jay
 
The penny knife turns up fairly often. I’ve never been a fan of the blade shape but the turned handle is appealing.

View attachment 160325
Penny knife


Gimme a good Siamois knife any day.

View attachment 160327
View attachment 160326
Siamois
My understanding is that that is not a siamois? Looks like an 'a la dauphine Jambette' as per Ken Hamilton's research.

Earlier french design pre-dating siamois.

I'm open to being corrected however.
The penny knife turns up fairly often. I’ve never been a fan of the blade shape but the turned handle is appealing.

View attachment 160325
Penny knife


Gimme a good Siamois knife any day.

View attachment 160327
View attachment 160326
Siamois
That's a beautiful knife but is it a siamois or an a la dauphine jambette? It looks almost transitional to my untrained eyes. Just going from Ken Hamilton's French Knives in North America.
 
My understanding is that that is not a siamois? Looks like an 'a la dauphine Jambette' as per Ken Hamilton's research.

Earlier french design pre-dating siamois.

I'm open to being corrected however.

That's a beautiful knife but is it a siamois or an a la dauphine jambette? It looks almost transitional to my untrained eyes. Just going from Ken Hamilton's French Knives in North America.
According to Kevin Gladyz and Ken Hamilton’s article the term dauphine knife refers to blade shape
E348D85E-EDE1-40F9-9054-747B7628CB4F.png

The blade shape on mine certainly appears to be typical Siamois, that is in the style of Siam (Thailand)
8872A946-7BF3-4A93-B949-7BF80D856FA4.png
 
Fighting knives such as the Bowie developed as a fad when things were well-settled and crowded, for gamblers and ne’er-do-wells and men who bought into the fad. We don’t have data but I find it hard to imagine farmers going about their work with a big heavy knife strapped on “just in case.” Most frontier people were farmers.
I'm not sure I would characterize things as well-settled during the time of the sandbar fight for much of the country. Of course, the original knife Bowie used during the sandbar fight was most likely a butcher knife, not really much like the Bowies that became popular afterwards, and things did become much more well-settled shortly afterwards as well. But the mere fact that Bowie was carrying a large belt knife during the sandbar fight should give us reason to believe it was not uncommon at the time, as the seconds had no expectation of the brawl that would ensue. We also know that at least one other member was carrying a swordcane. Of course, this is later than colonial times, and what was done in the late 1820's was not necessarily what was done half a century or more earlier.
 
Of course, this is later than colonial times, and what was done in the late 1820's was not necessarily what was done half a century or more earlier.
Truth.
But really one doesn't even need to go back half a century for that statement to be true. Culture and material culture in the newly founded United States of America began to change very, very rapidly post revolution. There was probably a bigger difference in material culture between 1800 and 1820 than there was between the 1750s and the 1790s. At least as I see it,,, I could be wrong, but that's the impression I get.
 
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