I give up, just how did these work?
There are videos available;
1) You tie a knot in the string or use a bead. Put it in your teeth so you hold the device at arm's length.
2) The first one pictured is calibrated for a 6 foot tall man (man and hat, assuming he is a French soldier).
You move the slider until he is in between the bottom and the slider, the number will tell you how many yards away.
The second one posted is Civil War erra; it has Two marked sides, one for a man on foot and one for a man on horse (each side calibrated according).
**the second posted one is MISSING the string (critical for use).
The button hole chain (fob chain?) Is just that, Not used in calibration.
As I have read; the second one (originals) are somewhat rare as they were Military Awards to sharpshooters.
Exact description evades me (you can look it up) but they came in two types: one brass, one tin(??). They were awarded based on rank, it was usually the sharp shooter's Spotter who used it and called out the distance to the shooter.
Ya, I have both types and if held properly, and proofed with a known post (or wife holding 6 foot pole) they can be fairly accurate...not like a laser finder, but then we don't do nor speak of UNMENTIONABLES on here, no do we....
But Yes, they do work.
I calibrated the backside of my (the first one) for 5 feet as that is the height of my most used paper target stand.