I've always read about water being used as the best thing to clean up BP residue. I do use water (slightly warm) to clean my BP rifles along with Ballistol and it works really well. On the other hand I don't use water to clean my 1858 New Model Army .44 revolver however; rather I just use a brass brush along with Hoppe's #9 and Ballistol and it works just fine for me! I remove the cylinder and crack the nipples a bit to keep them from freezing and about every 50 rounds fired I'll fully remove the nipples and clean as necessary and with one drop of oil on the threads will reinstall. I will reoil as necessary and after cleaning the barrel using the Hoppe's and Ballistol I will leave the barrel entirely coated with a light oil. I have never found any sign of rust on any of the parts or buildup of carbon within the 8" barrel.
Untitled by Sharps Man, on Flickr
Untitled by Sharps Man, on Flickr
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