Here are some photographs of a stock with what I guess you could call a crack at the toe. Not a muzzleloader, so don’t look if you have sensitive eyes. You have been warned.
The stock is from a Winchester M1917 Enfield that had seen a hard life. Initially the oil and crud filled crack didn’t appear all that bad, but after some cleaning the severity was obvious. The goal was to return the gun to a fully functional competition gun, not just make it look pretty. This was just one of many repairs that were made.
First photo doesn’t show much damage, but after stripping the finish and letting acetone weep into the crack to highlight it, condition became obvious.
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I like using CA for a lot of things, but not for repairs like this after seeing a number failures. I prefer an epoxy that wicks into the smallest cracks without having to pry them open, plus epoxy will fill voids CA can’t fill. I then want to mechanically secure the repair with a dowel or better yet, threaded rod. For this repair I drilled holes under the butt plate straight through the cracks to allow epoxy to flow to the bottom of the crack, then used dowels to pump/force the epoxy into the cracks. The dowels are left in place and trimmed flush after clamping and letting the epoxy cure. After cure, I added threaded rods as ‘perpendicular’ as possible to the crack to mechanical strengthen the repair. Always try and hide the hole under a butt or toe plate for example, but not always possible. In this repair I was able to work with the butt plate and sling mount to hide things. I drill the holes slightly under the body diameter of the threaded rod so when inserted they form a shallow thread into the stock wood across the crack (forming a full thread in hardwood with a threaded rod can be challenging). I also score a flat on the side of the threaded rod so the epoxy has somewhere to go when you thread the rod into place.
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This process is likely overkill for many repairs, but if you only want to fix it once….